Indigenous resistance and racist schooling on the borders of empires: Coast Salish cultural survival

The article “Indigenous resistance and racist schooling on the borders of empires: Coast Salish cultural survival,” is about the consequences of the creation of the United States and Canadian border for the natives.  The natives who have lived on the land for thousands of years were spread out in what is now the United States and Canada.  The Indians do not understand the concept of owning land, so after the border was drawn, the Indians continued to cross between the countries freely.  Although this is not legal, it is understandable because many families were split up when the border was set.  In addition to the Indians having trouble with being split up, many also were cut off from their fishing lands.  Since the Indians could not fish, many had trouble with eating and supporting themselves.  The Indigenous people also had trouble with attending school in both the United States and Canada.  Both countries attempted to assimilate the Indians and stop them from practicing anything relating to their culture.  The best tool to accomplish this was thought to be through the schools.  At first, both countries had residential schools, meaning that all of the Indians attended the same schools.  To assimilate the natives more, the countries decided to integrate schools.  This caused the culture of the Indigenous people to decline and for many students to experience racism in school.  Due to these negative experiences, many parents took their kids out of the integrated schools, and put them back into boarding schools, which were previously thought to be terrible.  Overall, the schooling practices in the United States seem to have been more positive for the Indigenous people than those in Canada.  However, in total neither system of schools succeeded in assimilating the native people.